Fiber Bragg Grating for Producing Ultra Short Femtosecond Pulses for Data Transmission

n order to perform highspeed digital communications we have to necessarily reduce of the pulse width and thereby increase the information rate that can be transmitted and this technique offers the potential for faster computational devices. It is expected that when the pulse width becomes shorter, our ability to accurately model the propagation of the pulse will become more complicated. With a proper design of the FBG, one can ensure that most of the power is reflected effectively and other signals are transmitted. Thus, the main use of such a FBG is that they are fiber compatible and the loss generated due to interconnection between fibers is very low. In this work, I have used an Erbium doped fiber as an optical amplifier and have studied the nonlinear behavior of electromagnetic fields in optical fiber. The main contribution to the non-linear effect is the Self-Phase Modulation (SPM) and Stimulated Raman Scattering (SRS).Non-linear effects are really required for a transmission due to which both the amplitude and the width of the propagated pulse remain nearly unchanged. This means that the pulse is not dispersive as it progresses along the optical fiber. The resulting anti dispersion tends to cancel out the dispersion caused by the linear effects and the combination of the two effects, namely SPM and SRS result in a soliton-like pulse.